Reversible-tool contrivance.



E.l J. LEES.

REVERSIBLE TOOL CONTRIVANCE. APPLICATION FILED APII.24. wie.

1,202,195. n Patented UCI. 24,1916.

. 70r y 8' 5 g 70 'hw-H ll'llllflllllllllll*IIIHUIIIUIIIIIIIIIITHII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII II To all whom t may concern `citizen of the United States,

STAT-Es PATENT OFFICE.

I-EIIBNES'J.` J'. LEES, OF CLEVELAND,

Be it known that I, ERNEs'r J. 'LEEs`,`"a residing at- Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Reversible-Tool Contrivances, of which the following is a specication, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

The subject matter of this application pertains to a doubly reversible tool contrivance and necessarily to a construction of the tool according to which the advantages of my alleged invention are achieved.

I have selected a tool known as a cutter of the ring type for the purpose of exemplifying the practicability of my improvement. In ring cutters no lead is given the y cutting edges.

Cutters which could be detached from a driving member have -been in use a long time. By changing the mounting it became possible to effect either a right-hand or a left-hand cut. Such cutters have heretofore, however, been secured by a nut applied to the end of the driving member and abutting one side or the other of the cutter. This limited the approach of the tool in "dead end7 work whether in a closed bore `or exteriorly adjacent a shoulder or other projection. On the other hand such cutters as were made integral with one end of a tapered shank entailed an extravagance in regard to the needless expense of the metal composing such shank. Moreover, while they could cut close up to a de'ad end, they were limited to either arlght-hand or to a left-hand cut whether used interiorly or exteriorly. In other words they Werefnot reversible for lboth interior and exterior Work, hence permitted of only a double use. My contrivance makes possible the accomplishment of a quadruple use or double reversibility and at the same time avoids va waste in material and permits of close Specification of Letters Patent.

Application sied Apn124, 191e. semaine. 93,142.;

simple, suliiciently enlarging V*oppsite ends of'the bores of detachable cutting tools .in order to accommodate a securing nut 1n one or the other of the recesses s o formed, and further, in, limit- 1ng the insertion of the driving member (spindle or arbor) intov the bore bf the tool so that no part of such nut and no part of the driving member projects bev ond the tool. I do not hesitate to mention that many" detachable cutting tools havebeen provlded with enlarged bore extreniltles, but in every instance for some special reason other than the one now given. One common reason for thus incidentally enlarging the end of detachable cutter bores was to make its key-way conform in width to some given standard of measurement.

At present when long cutters, say five inches or more, are manufactured, error is likely to present itself owing to wa'rpage and shrinkage. This in itself has also been known to those who were practised inI the art, and as a result sectional or composite cutters have been developed. AI have successfully adapted my reversibility invention to such a composite structure and believe Ait expressly understood that I in no wise limit myself to this specific application or embodiment of my invention, which I have selected as a basis for illustrating and describing my invention merely for the purpose of rendering a clear and comprehensive understanding of the novel features thereof and of the scope of the appended claims. l

Adverting to the drawing: Figure I is a longitudinal section of a contrivance embody-ing my invention together with a broken view of a .work piece to be threaded thereby. Fig. II is an elevation of the tool itself as mounted. Fig. III is an end view of Fig. II. Fig. IV is a sectional view showing separated portions of a modified composite tool. Fig. V depicts the modi- OHIO, ASSIGNOR TOTHE LEES-BRADNER COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

and usual threaded end f3, is limited as to itsf intersection :with a tool 4 which has an interjacent portion fashioned with a com- "vple'mentary key-way Inr other words,

the v reduced threaded extremity 3 of the Y V- arboris not ermitted 'to projectbe ond the free end-.of t e tool, in ,fo'rder that t e latter may operate close up to. 'a shoulder `6 of a iven workpiece upon which, as shown 1n ig.v I, threads 6 parted. Anyone familiar w1th the art will perceive that the same advantage may be adin cutting internal threads beginning close up to the end of a closedbore.

The tool 4 proper of thigh speed steel is fashioned with a series of cutting teeth 8 in staggered arrangement' about its periphery and with a full tooth at each Iend as appears in Figs. I and II. In order to elect a true staggered relationship there should be an even number of fiutes 9 as shownin Fig. III.

The teeth' 8` are located in parallel rings.

They are radially relieved as the lshade lines thereon in Fig. III disclose. The bore of the tool has each of its end portions'lO somewhat enlarged, .and the key-way 5 restricted to its interjacent portion. In this manner an internal space is afforded for the accommodation of a Spanner nut 11 so that 'its outer side i's'either Hush or depressed withA respect to the end of the tool. It' should be understood that the tool is s mmetrical'in the sense of having its ends'a ike, such that it may be feasibly reversed andthe s anner nut `11 caused to occupy a portion either one of the bore ends 10 according to whethera rightshand or left-hand thread is desired. Thus either direction of .thread ma be cut either externally or internally i an all four close up to ,what is known as a dead end.

The modification illustrated lin Figs. IV and V involves a sectional cutter which may bcxmade true regardless of its length and'in this Way. An .arbitrary plurality of blanks say, three, 12, 13 and 14 are first fashioned withl internal key ways, then keyed (in final size) to an arbor which is slightly .smaller than the one upon which they are intended eventually to be o erated.v This is necessary because the anks are later ground internally: Thereafter the blanks i are. fluted, relieved and sharpened while held on such manufacturing arbor. Some definite starting point is assumed in .the case of each blank so that when .assembled they cut in correct continuation ofv each other. The blanks are held on the arbor to bring all the cutter sections to the same diameter, to keep the outline parallel and to retain the correct diameter during the sharpening. In other words all the sections must' be kept in line whichwould be diiicult if not impossibleif made separately. After the sections ave* already been imhave-beenfihardened ends .are ground untilthe pitch is corrected.' The two sections 12' and 14 are yhere provided each with a single bore enlargement designated by the reference-numerals 15 and 16 respectively. These enlarged bore ends are then of course at.. the,two ends in fact when all three are assembled as in F' use ofv-myinvent'ion is similarly made pos- E 1. A reversible thread milli g cutter pro- -vided with a bore-extending t erethrough,

'rotatable driving member, a hollow symmetrical tool mounted upon one end thereof so as to rotate therewith, said tool having circularlyl disposed teeth definitely positioned between its own ends, and a member for fastening said member and tool together,

:said member being positioned within the connes of saidtool.

4. A reversible thread millin cutter con- -triv'a'nce comprising the combmation of a driving member, a hollow tool havin peripheral teeth mounted upon one end t ereof'so as to move therewith, and means located between the ends of said tool for fixing it to said member.

5. A reversible thread milling cutter contrivance comprising the combination of a rotatable member, a hollow symmetrical tool keyed thereto and having peripheral teeth, and means located between the ends of said tool for fixing it to Said member.

1g. V. Thus the quadruple 6. A reversible thread milling cutter con-j Y trivance comprising a driving member, a hollow tool mounted thereon so as to rotate therewith, said tool having two symmetrical fiat ends and teeth arranged therebetween, the end of said member being inclosed by said tool,`and means for holding said tool place and located interiorly thereof.

7. A reversible thread milling cutter con-l v trivance comprising a driving member hava threaded end, a hollow tool keyed thereto, said tool having teeth betweenits ends and substantially flat ends, an end of said member being wholly inclosed by and spaced from said tool, and a nut secured to said end and wholly disposed within the confines vofrsuch space for-the purpose specified.

8. A reversible thread milling cutter contrivance Comprising :L rotatable driving member, n. cylindrical cutting tool of the ring type having teeth around its periphery und keyed thereto so as to Wholly inclose one end thereof, the bore of said tool being furthermore enlarged at each end to provide a space about the inelosed end o-said member, and meansweecommodated in said space for Securing Sad member and tool t0 each other whereby to enable either fiat end 10 of the tool itself to abut zt dead end of a given work piece.

Signed by me, this 18th day of April, 1916.

I ERNEST J. LEES. 

